What's Inside A Solar Panels?
A solar panels, also known as a solar panel, is a device capable of converting solar energy into electricity. Its internal structure is quite complex, containing a variety of substances, each of which plays an indispensable role.
What substances are in solar panels mainly include the following 4 aspects:
(1) The core components of solar panels are silicon wafers
Silicon wafer is mainly composed of silicon materials such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon. Monocrystalline silicon has high efficiency and stability, and is one of the most commonly used materials for manufacturing solar panels. Although the efficiency of polysilicon and amorphous silicon is slightly lower, the production process is relatively simple and the price is more affordable, so it is widely used in some specific fields. These silicon materials are processed into sheets by a specific process to form photovoltaic cells, which are the most critical materials in solar panels.
(2) Conductive metal is also an indispensable substance in solar panels
Conductive metals are mainly used to collect the current generated in the photocell. Commonly used conductive metals include aluminum and copper, which have good conductivity and stability. The conductive metal layer covers the surface of the photocell, and connects the bus through the current collection line, and finally draws the current out, so that the solar panel can convert light energy into usable electricity.
(3) The solar panel also includes a backplane, packaging materials and other components
Typically made of materials such as glass, mylar, aluminum, or stainless steel, the backplane protects and supports the silicon wafers. The packaging material uses polystyrene resin, EVA, etc., to seal and protect the solar panels to ensure that they can work stably under various environmental conditions.
(4) The structure of the solar panel also includes the surface material and the back material
The surface material generally has a high light transmittance, which can project sunlight onto the internal battery, so that the sunlight shines on the semiconductor p-n junction, forming a new hole-electron pair, and then generate an electric current. The back material mainly protects the back of the solar cell to prevent it from being damaged by the external environment.
In summary, the interior of the solar panel contains a variety of materials such as silicon wafers, conductive metals, backplanes, packaging materials, and surface and back materials. Each of these substances plays an important role, and together they make up the amazing device that can convert solar energy into electricity.
